Aims:Lactobacillus strains have protective effects against heavy metals while relieving oxidative stress and modulating the immune response. Mechanisms that ameliorate heavy metal toxicity and the relationship between probiotics and gut barrier protection in the process of heavy metal pathogenesis was poorly understood. Methods and Results: In this study. Lactobacillus brevis 23017 (LAB. https://parisnaturalfoodes.shop/product-category/white-flower-oil/